Preparation for iron or steel for casting.



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PAUL RAKOWICZ, OF GRIESHEIM, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRM OF CHEMISCHEr IABRIK GRIESHEIM-ELEKTRON, OF. FRANKFORT-ON-THE-MAIN; GERMANY.

PREPARATION OF IRON OR STEEL FOR CASTING.

Patented July 13, 1909.

Application filed November 18, 1908. Serial No. 163,303.

To all whom it may concern: 4

Be it known that 1, PAUL RAKOWICZ, a subject of the German Emperor, andresident of Griesheimon-the-Main, Germany, have invented certain newanduseful Improvements in'Conn'ection with the Prepa ration of iron orSteel for Castings, of which the following is a specification.

Magnesium used in the manufacture of iron, and steel, for casting,greatly improves the castings, as it makes them dense and free fromblow-holes, imparts to them a homogeneous structure and greatly advancestheir physical properties. 'Magnesium acts in this connection muchbetter than aluminium, and the use of magnesium in making iron and steelfor castings has been before proposed and has formed the subject of manypatents, but its use as'a deoxidizing agent has not hitherto beenindustrially successful in making iron and steel for casting as itsaddition to molten iron, or steel, has been exceedingly difficult, veryviolent action taking place, and the molten metal being projected out ofthe receptacle, and therefore the addition of magnesium to molten iron,or steel, in the same manner as is practiced with aluminium, isunsuitable for practical purposes. 4

- In the specification of the German Patent 86,607, dated March 5, 1895,it is proposed to use, for deoxidizing iron, and steel, alloys ofaluminium, or of alkaline earth metals, such as magnesium, with iron andnon metals, such as silicon, and ,boron, whichform slags. Thespecification .of the said patent does not however describe any way ofpreparing, for the purpose, an alloy, containing magnesium.

Another proposal for avoiding the violent action which takes place onthe addition of ma nesium to molten iron, or steel, is descri ed in thespecification of the Swedish Patent No. 261 of the 8th February A. D.1905 and consists in the supply of gaseous magnesium to the iron, orsteel. ThlS mode is however not without danger and it is verytroublesome and does not afford any guarantee that the deoxidizat ionwill be properly carried out.

This invention provides a process of working which is free from danger,and which can be applied to heavy charges with efliciency and ease. a

-state, or in a liquid state, to the iron, or steel,

to be deoxidized and cast in the same manner as other additions aremade, such, for instance, as aluminium, ferro-silicon, or ferromananese. Iron and steel have but little aflinity for magnesium and in thisrespect act in a manner the opposite to that of copper, nickel, or thelike, but it is possible to obtain in the aforesaid manner aferromagnesium containing a small percentage of magnesium.

The alloy may be formed in several Ways. For instance, a suitablequantity of iron or steel is heated to such a de ree that it be comessemi-fluid, and then a lock of magne-- sium is introduced into 'thethick liquid and unites therewith. The block may be introduced by fixingit to the end of an iron rod having a protecting coating of clay orsimilar material. The magnesium maybe in the form of a cup-shaped blockhaving aperforation into which one end of the rod may be inserted. a

In order,'to fully deoxidize 100 kilograms of iron, or steel, forcasting, from 15, to 50, grams of magnesium are required according tothe uality of the iron, or steel, used. I is therefore necessary to addto 100 kilogram: of iron, or steel, for casting from 1.5, to 5,kilograms of a preliminary. alloy containing" 1 percent. of magnesium.If additions of other metal such as nickel, or aluminium, a: also to bemade to the iron, orsteel, these can, if desired,-be introduced into thepre liminary alloy, the said additions being, for;.,-

instance, first alloyed with magnesium arid this alloy being introducedinto the iron, or

steel for" the production of the preliminary 3 alloy.

I claim:

1. The method of alloying iron or steel.-

with magnesium which consists in first passg y I 927,678

ring iron or steel fronr the solid into a semiiron or steel to bedeoiiidized es' and for the 10 fluid or thickly 1i uid state thenintroducing purpose set forth.

magnesium into t e thick mass, as and for In testimony whereof I havesigned my the purpose set forth. name to this specification in thepresence of 5 2. The method of deoxidizing iron or steel4two)subscribing witnesses.

by first passing a. qlliilantity of iron or steel to PAUL RAKOWICZ.

a semifluid or thic y liquid condition, then 7 Witnesses:

introducing-magnesium 1nto the thick mass FRANZ HAFSLACHER,

and then adding the alloy thus formed to the ERWIN DIPPEL.

